Materials are substances, usually in a solid state, which are processed into components, products or structures in technical processes. They form the basis for machine elements such as spindles, nuts, bearings or housings. Through their specific properties, they significantly determine the mechanical, thermal and chemical performance of a component and thus influence its strength, wear resistance, service life and load-bearing capacity.
The choice of material affects the following properties:
- Strength and load-bearing capacity (tension, compression, bending, torsion)
- Hardness and wear resistance
- Elasticity and stiffness
- Corrosion resistance
- Load-bearing capacity
- Thermal conductivity and temperature resistance
Typical materials in mechanical engineering
- Steels: high-strength, hardened or tempered, e.g. for spindles and nuts
- Stainless steels: corrosion-resistant, for hygienic or damp environments
- Bronze and brass: low wear, often for light loads or hygienic applications
- Aluminium: lightweight, corrosion-resistant, often used for housings or moving components
Practical application
- Ball screws: spindle made of hardened steel, nut made of bronze or steel
- Trapezgewindetriebe: gehärtete Stahlspindel, Gleitmutter aus Bronze
- Lubrication and wear behaviour: choice of material influences lubricant requirements and service life
Ball Screw Drive
Spindle
| Werkstoff Nr. | 1.1213 (Cf53) | 1.7225 (42 CrMo4) | 1.7228 (50CrMoH) | 1.4112 (+90CrMoU18) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oberflächenhärte | 60 +2 HRC | 60 + 2 HRC | 60 + 2 HRC | 56 – 60 HRC |
| Zugfestigkeit Rm | 600 N/mm² | 900 N/mm² | 900 N/mm² | |
| Streckgrenze Rp | 400 N/mm² | 600 N/mm² | 600 N/mm² |
Nut
| Werkstoff Nr. | 1.3536 (100CrMo7 – 3) | 1.4112 (+90CrMoU18) |
|---|---|---|
| Härte | 61 + 2 HRC | 56 – 60 HRC |
| Zugfestigkeit Rm | 690 N/mm² | |
| Streckgrenze Rp | 390 N/mm² | |
| Hart bis Rm | 1800 N/mm² |
Material specification for material no. 1.3536, designation according to DIN 17 006.
Balls
100 Cr 6 or ceramic, accuracy class G 5 or G 10 (highest accuracy class) in accordance with DIN 5401, hardness 63 ± 3 HRC.
Sliding screw drives
| Stahl | Rostfrei | Ne Metalle | Kunststoffe |
|---|---|---|---|
| St52-3 / S355J2G3C | 1.4021 | Ms58 + Ms60 (CuZn40Pb2) | Nylatron = schwarz |
| C15 | 1.4057 | Rg7 (GC-CuSn7ZnPb) | Delrin = natur-weiß |
| C35 | 1.4104 | Gbz12 (GG-CuSn12Pb) | |
| C45 | 1.4112 | CuZn40Al2 | |
| C45 gechl. | 1.4301 | CuAl10Ni | |
| 42CrMo4 | 1.4305 | AlCuMgPbF38 (Alu) | |
| 16MnCr5 | 1.4401 / 1.4404 | AlMgSi1 | |
| 31CrMoV9 | 1.4571 | PAN – Bronze | |
| EGT25 | |||
| EGT88 | |||
| EGT100/geschl. |